BZD - definition. What is BZD
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%ما هو (من)٪ 1 - تعريف

WIKIMEDIA DISAMBIGUATION PAGE
BZD (disambiguation); Bzd

Transport in Belarus         
  • The autobus station of [[Gomel]]
  • Daugava river]] in [[Vitebsk]]
  • Major gas (red) and oil (green) pipelines in Belarus
  • Rail transport map of Belarus
  • Brest]]
OVERVIEW OF TRANSPORT IN BELARUS
Belarus/Transportation; Transportation of Belarus; Transportation in Belarus; Transport in belarus; BŽD; Беларуская чыгунка

This article is about transport in Belarus.

benzodiazepine         
  • '''Left''': The 1,4-benzodiazepine ring system. '''Right''': 5-phenyl-1''H''-benzo[''e''] [1,4]diazepin-2(3''H'')-one forms the skeleton of many of the most common benzodiazepine pharmaceuticals, such as [[diazepam]] (7-chloro-1-methyl substituted).
  • lipophilic]] binding sites.
  • The molecular structure of [[chlordiazepoxide]], the first benzodiazepine. It was marketed by [[Hoffmann–La Roche]] from 1960 branded as ''Librium''.
  • [[Chlordiazepoxide]] 5 mg capsules, which are sometimes used as an alternative to [[diazepam]] for [[benzodiazepine withdrawal]]. Like diazepam it has a long [[elimination half-life]] and long-acting [[active metabolites]].
  • injections]] (Canada)
  • [[Temazepam]] (Normison) 10 mg tablets
  •  s2cid = 5903121 }}</ref>
  • Xanax ([[alprazolam]]) 2 mg tri-score tablets
CLASS OF PSYCHOACTIVE DRUGS
Benzodiazepines; Benzodiazepene; Benzodiazapene; Pentazemin; Benzodiazapines; Benzodiazapine; Azepam; Benzodiazipines; Benzos; Benzies; Benzo; Benzodiazepine drug; Adverse effects of benzodiazepines; Pyridinobenzodiazepine; Side effects of benzodiazepines; Legal status of benzodiazepines
[?b?nz??d??'e?z?pi:n, -'az?pi:n]
¦ noun Medicine any of a class of heterocyclic organic compounds used as tranquillizers, such as Librium and Valium.
Origin
1930s: from benzene + di-1 + azo- + epi- + -ine4.
Benzodiazepine         
  • '''Left''': The 1,4-benzodiazepine ring system. '''Right''': 5-phenyl-1''H''-benzo[''e''] [1,4]diazepin-2(3''H'')-one forms the skeleton of many of the most common benzodiazepine pharmaceuticals, such as [[diazepam]] (7-chloro-1-methyl substituted).
  • lipophilic]] binding sites.
  • The molecular structure of [[chlordiazepoxide]], the first benzodiazepine. It was marketed by [[Hoffmann–La Roche]] from 1960 branded as ''Librium''.
  • [[Chlordiazepoxide]] 5&nbsp;mg capsules, which are sometimes used as an alternative to [[diazepam]] for [[benzodiazepine withdrawal]]. Like diazepam it has a long [[elimination half-life]] and long-acting [[active metabolites]].
  • injections]] (Canada)
  • [[Temazepam]] (Normison) 10 mg tablets
  •  s2cid = 5903121 }}</ref>
  • Xanax ([[alprazolam]]) 2 mg tri-score tablets
CLASS OF PSYCHOACTIVE DRUGS
Benzodiazepines; Benzodiazepene; Benzodiazapene; Pentazemin; Benzodiazapines; Benzodiazapine; Azepam; Benzodiazipines; Benzos; Benzies; Benzo; Benzodiazepine drug; Adverse effects of benzodiazepines; Pyridinobenzodiazepine; Side effects of benzodiazepines; Legal status of benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines (BZD, BDZ, BZs), sometimes called "benzos" or "blues", are a class of psychoactive drugs whose core chemical structure is the fusion of a benzene ring and a diazepine ring. As depressants—drugs which lower brain activity—they are prescribed to treat conditions such as anxiety, insomnia, and seizures. The first benzodiazepine, chlordiazepoxide (Librium), was discovered accidentally by Leo Sternbach in 1955 and was made available in 1960 by Hoffmann–La Roche, who soon followed with diazepam (Valium) in 1963. By 1977, benzodiazepines were the most prescribed medications globally; the introduction of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), among other factors, decreased rates of prescription, but they remain frequently used worldwide.

Benzodiazepines are depressants that enhance the effect of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) at the GABAA receptor, resulting in sedative, hypnotic (sleep-inducing), anxiolytic (anti-anxiety), anticonvulsant, and muscle relaxant properties. High doses of many shorter-acting benzodiazepines may also cause anterograde amnesia and dissociation. These properties make benzodiazepines useful in treating anxiety, panic disorder, insomnia, agitation, seizures, muscle spasms, alcohol withdrawal and as a premedication for medical or dental procedures. Benzodiazepines are categorized as short, intermediate, or long-acting. Short- and intermediate-acting benzodiazepines are preferred for the treatment of insomnia; longer-acting benzodiazepines are recommended for the treatment of anxiety.

Benzodiazepines are generally viewed as safe and effective for short-term use—about two to four weeks—although cognitive impairment and paradoxical effects such as aggression or behavioral disinhibition can occur. A minority of people have reactions such as worsened agitation or panic when they stop taking benzodiazepines. Benzodiazepines are associated with an increased risk of suicide due to aggression, impulsivity, and negative withdrawal effects. Long-term use is controversial because of concerns about decreasing effectiveness, physical dependence, benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome, and an increased risk of dementia and cancer. In the long term, stopping benzodiazepines often leads to improved physical and mental health. The elderly are at an increased risk of both short- and long-term adverse effects, and as a result, all benzodiazepines are listed in the Beers List of inappropriate medications for older adults. There is controversy concerning the safety of benzodiazepines in pregnancy. While they are not major teratogens, uncertainty remains as to whether they cause cleft palate in a small number of babies and whether neurobehavioural effects occur as a result of prenatal exposure; they are known to cause withdrawal symptoms in the newborn.

Taken in overdose, benzodiazepines can cause dangerous deep unconsciousness, but they are less toxic than their predecessors, the barbiturates, and death rarely results when a benzodiazepine is the only drug taken. Combined with other central nervous system (CNS) depressants such as alcohol and opioids, the potential for toxicity and fatal overdose increases significantly. Benzodiazepines are commonly misused and taken in combination with other addictive substances.

ويكيبيديا

BZD

BZD may stand for:

  • Balranald Airport, IATA airport code "BZD"
  • Belize dollar, ISO 4217 currency code
  • Belorusskaja Železnaja Doroga, national railway company in Belarus
  • Benzodiazepines, class of drugs